ValueError: Math Domain Error

Why This Happens

Math functions have domain restrictions: math.sqrt() needs non-negative, math.log() needs positive, math.asin()/acos() need [-1, 1]. Use cmath for complex results.

The Problem

import math
result = math.sqrt(-1)
log_val = math.log(0)

The Fix

import math
if value >= 0:
    result = math.sqrt(value)
else:
    import cmath
    result = cmath.sqrt(value)

Step-by-Step Fix

1. 1

   Validate inputs

   Check values are within valid domain.

2. 2

   Use cmath for complex

   Import cmath for operations returning complex numbers.

3. 3

   Clamp values

   Use max()/min() to keep values in valid bounds.